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Under Unix, the operating system consists of many of these utilities along with the master control program, the kernel. The kernel provides services to start and stop programs, handle the file system and other common low level tasks that most programs share, and, perhaps most importantly, schedules access to hardware to avoid conflicts if two programs try to access the same resource or device simultaneously. Unix also popularized the hierarchical file system with arbitrarily nested subdirectories, originally introduced by Multics. Other common operating systems of the era had ways to divide a storage device into multiple directories or sections, but they had a fixed number of levels, often only one level. Several major proprietary operating systems eventually added recursive subdirectory capabilities also patterned after Multics. In computing, the X Window System (commonly X11 or X) is a display protocol which provides windowing on bitmap displays. It provides the standard toolkit and protocol with which to build graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on most Unix-like operating systems and OpenVMS, and has been ported to all other contemporary general purpose operating systems. The precursor to GUIs was invented by researchers at the Stanford Research Institute, led by Douglas Engelbart. They developed the use of text-based hyperlinks manipulated with a mouse for the On-Line System. The concept of hyperlinks was further refined and extended to graphics by researchers at Xerox PARC, who went beyond text-based hyperlinks and used a GUI as the primary interface for the Xerox Alto computer. Most modern general-purpose GUIs are derived from this system. A GUI uses a combination of technologies and devices to provide a platform the user can interact with, for the tasks of gathering and producing information. The most common combination in GUIs is the WIMP paradigm. This style of interaction uses a physical input device to control the position of a cursor and presents information organized in windows and represented with icons. |
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WEB CATALOG: Directory - 1Directory using ODP data restricted to Chicago, Illinois.AD Chicago Description: Directory using ODP data restricted to Chicago, Illinois. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - A - Other35 URL: http://adchicago.com Adilo Description: Directory using ODP Data. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - A - Other38 URL: http://www.adilo.net Adsense Monitor Description: Scripts to track Google Adsense ads in PHP, ASP and Javascript. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Search Engines - Google - Tools - Cms Other39 URL: http://www.adsense-monitor.com All About Hosting Description: Includes a searchable directory of hosting providers, using ODP data. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - A - Cms Other45 URL: http://www.all-about-hosting.com All Academic Description: A searchable database of academic publications: journals, working papers, convention papers and magazine articles. Also has an A-Z list of links to online journals. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Search Engines - Academic - Cms Other68 URL: http://www.allacademic.com Australian White Pages Description: Phone book directory and Postcode search. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Tools for Editors - ChefMoz Editors - Pacific Islands - Australia - Cms Other24 URL: http://www.whitepages.com.au/ Big Web Directory Description: Web directory using ODP data. Allows visitors to view in several different color styles. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - B - Cms Other34 URL: http://www.bigwebdirectory.com Common Content Description: Directory of web sites and resources licensed under Creative Commons licenses, sorted by subject. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Cms Other23 URL: http://www.commoncontent.org Directory Globe Description: Uses ODP data and images from Thumbshots.org for web directory. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - D - Cms Other44 URL: http://www.directoryglobe.com directorylistings.info Description: A searchable directory based on the Open Directory, which gives prominence to category descriptions. Integrated website snapshots from Thumbshots and advertising by Google. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - D - Cms Other47 URL: http://www.directorylistings.info Dirzilla Description: Minimalist navigation of ODP content. Uses RDF dump with PHP/mySQL. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - D - Cms Other48 URL: http://www.dirzilla.com Ferrago Description: Gaming portal includes a copy of the ODP Games directory with Thumbshots added. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - F - Cms Other89 URL: http://www.ferrago.com Fravia's Web Searching Lore Description: Fravia describes the nature of the web, and offers advanced searching strategies and techniques, including designing your own searchbots. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Help and Tutorials - Cms Other34 URL: http://www.searchlores.org Genesis of the Open Directory Project Description: Slides from a talk about early ODP history by founder Rich Skrenta. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Cms Other43 URL: http://www.inetdevgrp.org Hunt It Out Description: Meta search tool offering web, image, news and shopping searches. Also has a directory taken from the Open Directory. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - H - Cms Other29 URL: http://www.huntitout.com List of Lists Internet Directory Description: ODP site on Linux with Postgres SQL. Uses interesting display format. RDF dump. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - L - Cms Other23 URL: http://ListOfLists.com Megosearch Description: Offering a single starting point to search many search engines. Results display in a new window. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Multi-Search - Cms Other46 URL: http://www.megosearch.com Metr?imo Description: Music site uses ODP directory with Thumbshots and powered by PHPODP. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - M - Cms Other56 URL: http://www.metronimo.com PC World Magazine Description: How to Stop Searching and Start Finding (August 1, 2000) Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - News and Media - 2000 - Cms Other42 URL: http://www.pcworld.com Persian Google Description: Offering search results from Google, MSN, Alta Vista and Search.com. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Multi-Search - Cms Other46 URL: http://www.persiangoogle.com Planetizen: Links Description: A copy of the Open Directory section on urban and regional planning, powered by phpDmoz. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - P - Cms Other56 URL: http://www.planetizen.com ScienceDaily Magazine Description: News about science, technology, and health. Archived stories are filed into ODP categories alongside the links. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - S - Cms Other23 URL: http://www.sciencedaily.com Search Engine Results Personalisation Description: Tool to show the effects of filters are on the algorithmic results returned by the Google API. Personal white and blacklist capability. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Search Engines - Google - Tools - Cms Other35 URL: http://www.myserp.com Slashcat.com Description: A directory from the ODP, with text advertising added. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - S - Cms Other77 URL: http://www.slashcat.com Smart Links Description: Easy access to categorized search engines, directories, and a select collection of web sites. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Cms Other82 URL: http://www.smartlinks.org The Search Lounge: Zeal.com, R.I.P. Description: A former member of LookSmart?s editorial management team reflects on the demise of Zeal. (March 23, 2006) Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Volunteer-Edited - Zeal - Cms Other66 URL: http://www.searchlounge.org Thumbshots Description: Shows the Open Directory categories with a thumbnail preview of each listed site. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - Sites Using ODP Data - T - Cms Other73 URL: http://www.thumbshots.net Twingine Description: In two separate frames compares results of searching in Google and Yahoo. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Multi-Search - Cms Other88 URL: http://twingine.com Wired News Description: NewHoo's New Home (November 18, 1998) Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Open Directory Project - News and Media - 1998 - Cms Other57 URL: http://www.wired.com Yahoo Gossip Description: Foum about Yahoo as a web directory. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Yahoo - Cms Other73 URL: http://www.yahoogossip.com Yakeo Description: Directory organized into categories by topic and region, plus a Web search with a drop-down menu giving a choice of engine. French, English and Turkish language versions. Category: 6. 2. 2012. - Directories - Cms Other78 URL: http://www.yakeo.com |
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